PG 2025: Pulmonary Literature Review and Interactive Complex Case Presentations (PG)-Chan KM References - Pulmonary LIterature Review and Complex Case Presentation 2025

Chan KM References - Pulmonary LIterature Review and Complex Case Presentation 2025

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This 2025 CHEST review by Dr. Kevin M. Chan summarizes recent advances in interstitial lung disease (ILD) diagnosis and treatment.<br /><br />Treatment of ILD includes pulmonary rehabilitation, which improves survival in ILD patients (Dowman et al., Chest 2025). Novel therapies like Admilparant, a lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 antagonist, show promise in slowing pulmonary fibrosis progression (Kreuter et al., Chest 2025). New clinical trials on Nerandomilast indicate efficacy for both idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and progressive pulmonary fibrosis (Maher et al., NEJM 2025; Richeldi et al., NEJM 2025), underpinning ongoing developments in antifibrotic treatments.<br /><br />For symptomatic pulmonary sarcoidosis, first-line treatment traditionally uses corticosteroids. Recent evidence examines methotrexate as initial therapy, with comparative trials assessing high versus low-dose prednisolone, informing optimized steroid dosing (Baughman & Lower, NEJM 2025; Dhooria et al., Eur Respir J 2023; Kahlmann et al., NEJM 2025).<br /><br />The review also discusses interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA), focusing on diagnostic evaluation and management protocols from recent ATS guidelines and Chest reviews (Kattih et al., Chest 2025; Podolanczuk et al., Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2025), emphasizing early detection and risk stratification.<br /><br />Acute exacerbations of ILD remain a significant clinical challenge. Recent meta-analyses and systematic reviews evaluate corticosteroid utility in these episodes, contributing to evidence-based treatment approaches (Kreuter et al., ERJ Open Res 2024; Mari et al., Adv Respir Med 2025; Srivali et al., Thorax 2025).<br /><br />In rarer conditions, autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is addressed with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) therapies, including promising inhaled Molgramostim from recent phase 3 trials (Seymour, NEJM 2025; Trapnell et al., NEJM 2025). Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis is also reviewed comprehensively in recent literature highlighting its clinical characteristics and management (Saha, Respir Med 2021; Saha et al., Clin Rheumatol 2022).<br /><br />Overall, these selected papers reflect significant progress in ILD therapeutic options, personalized management strategies, and understanding complex phenotypes.

Keywords

Interstitial lung disease

Pulmonary rehabilitation

Admilparant

Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 antagonist

Nerandomilast

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Pulmonary sarcoidosis

Methotrexate therapy

Interstitial lung abnormalities

Autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis